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Jagdgeschwader 51
''Jagdgeschwader'' 51 (JG 51) ''Mölders'' was a Luftwaffe fighter wing during World War II, named after the fighter ace Werner Mölders in 1942. JG 51's pilots won more ''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes'' than any other Jagdgeschwader, and flew combat from 1939 in all major theatres of war. Flying Bf 109s and then FW 190s, the wing claimed over 8,000 air victories. ''Experten'' included 'Toni' Hafner, Heinrich Hoffmann, Heinz Bär, Richard Leppla, Karl-Gottfried Nordmann, Günther Schack and the legendary Mölders.
==World War II==
Formed in August 1939, and commanded by 48-year-old World War I ace ''Onkel'' Theo Osterkamp, JG 51 was based in the early months of the war in the West, fighting in the French campaign and in the Battle of Britain. From late June to mid July JG 51 was the only fighter Geschwader engaged continuously against the RAF. During the battle JG 51 lost 68 pilots, the highest casualty rate of the Luftwaffe fighter units engaged. JG 51 was one of the two Geschwader that had four Gruppen, the other being JG 1.
On 12 July 1940, JG 51 moved to Saint-Inglevert, Stab JG 51 was at Saint-Inglevert until November. Whilst based at the Belgian airfield at Mardyik in late 1940, the German ace Josef "Pips" Priller was a ''Staffelkapitän'' with JG 51, flying Bf 109-E "Yellow One". Priller went on to score over 100 victories, the third highest among Luftwaffe day fighters on the Western Front, fighting solely against the Western Allies.
JG 51 claimed 345 aircraft destroyed by May 1941 and was therefore one of the elite units, with 'top ten' aces at this time including Werner Mölders with 68 claims, Walter Oesau with 34 claims, and Hermann-Friedrich Joppien with 31. Major Werner Mölders became the unit's commander (Geschwaderkommodore) in July 1940 and led the unit at the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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